423,355 people (2024 Census estimate, +8.4% since 2020)
802 square miles of land · 528 people per square mile
“Highest” and “lowest” are just order, not grades: a high rank for poverty or hazard losses means more of it. Each figure's source is in its section below.
9 active community water systems list Madison County in the area they serve, reporting 607,701 people served in all (a system that crosses county lines counts its whole population).
| HUNTSVILLE UTILITIES WATER DEPT. surface water · local government · AL0000882 | 310,107 served |
| MADISON COUNTY WATER DEPARTMENT buys surface water · local government · AL0000888 | 119,100 served |
| MADISON, THE W & WW BOARD OF THE CITY OF surface water · local government · AL0000885 | 54,114 served |
| HARVEST-MONROVIA W,S, AND FP, INC. groundwater (surface-influenced) · local government · AL0000878 | 51,915 served |
| US ARMY GARRISON-REDSTONE ARSENAL surface water · federal · AL0000899 | 44,472 served |
| OWENS CROSSROADS WATER AUTHORITY groundwater · local government · AL0000897 | 13,569 served |
| TRIANA WATER WORKS buys surface water · local government · AL0000905 | 7,038 served |
| NEW HOPE WATER SYSTEM buys surface water · local government · AL0000893 | 6,231 served |
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), active community systems, . Look up any system's violations and test results with EPA's search using its ID.
About 865 people were held in Madison County's jail, in Vera's latest figure (2020), or 332 per 100,000 residents ages 15–64. In 2015 it was about 825.
Source: Vera Institute of Justice, Incarceration Trends (built from federal Bureau of Justice Statistics jail surveys). Counties without their own jail, or that share one, may show no figure.
3 school districts have their office in Madison County. School taxes are usually the largest part of a property tax bill.
Spent $351 million — $313 million to run schools, about $13,163 per student, plus $27.1 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $202.3 million local (mostly property tax), $171.4 million state, $60.5 million federal. Long-term debt: $23.8 million.
Spent $254.9 million — $224.1 million to run schools, about $10,906 per student, plus $22.8 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $95.4 million local (mostly property tax), $169.4 million state, $31.6 million federal. Long-term debt: $152.8 million.
Spent $188.8 million — $144.4 million to run schools, about $11,578 per student, plus $32.4 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $93.8 million local (mostly property tax), $102 million state, $11.3 million federal. Long-term debt: $137.1 million.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 Annual Survey of School System Finances. Districts are listed by the county of their main office; some serve neighboring counties too.
Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps 2025 (University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute), which gathers federal data (CDC, Census, and others); measures cover different recent years. Blank lines aren't reported for small counties.
Overall risk: Relatively High compared with other U.S. counties. FEMA estimates natural hazards cost Madison County about $179.6 million a year on average in buildings, crops and lives. Ability to bounce back (community resilience): Very High; social vulnerability: Relatively Low.
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), expected annual loss. Ratings compare counties nationwide; they're estimates, not predictions.
712 bridges in Madison County: 281 in good condition, 422 fair, and 9 poor (1.3%). “Poor” means a main part — the deck, the beams, or the supports — is rated 4 or lower on the federal 0–9 scale. It doesn't mean unsafe to drive; unsafe bridges are closed.
| SPARKMAN DR over PINHOOK CREEK · built 1968 | 19,100 vehicles a day |
| WYNN DR over MCDONALD CREEK · built 1969 | 11,800 vehicles a day |
| HOBBS ISL RD (CIT over ALDRIDGE CREEK · built 1957 | 6,720 vehicles a day |
| LIDAR RD over TRIB TO INDIAN CREEK · built 1975 | 2,500 vehicles a day |
| BOB WADE LANE over DRY CREEK · built 1948 | 900 vehicles a day |
| OLD 431 HWY over PAINT ROCK RIVER · built 1927 | 672 vehicles a day |
Source: Federal Highway Administration, National Bridge Inventory (2025 submission). Includes state, county and city bridges.
Federal grants paid for $194.4 million of work in Madison County in fiscal 2025, about $501 per resident — to the county, cities, schools, hospitals, nonprofits and others.
Source: USAspending.gov, grants by place of performance, fiscal 2025 (Oct. 2024 to Sept. 2025). Search it by county to see each award.
From Grants.gov: posted grants listing county governments as eligible, soonest deadline first; research-only and overseas programs left out; list updated 2026-10-13, refreshed weekly. 62 are open in all. Cities, towns, school districts and nonprofits have their own lists there.
Registration deadlines, early voting and polling places for Alabama are on the federal site vote.gov, which links to the state's official election office.
The budget, property tax rates, audits, local officials and offices for Madison County come from the county's own records, which we haven't gathered — not gathered, never hidden. See what a full county site looks like, or ask to have Madison County built: brayden.ozark@gmail.com.
More of Alabama: the state government and every county in Alabama.
Nearby counties: Limestone County (25 mi) · Lincoln County, TN (26 mi) · Morgan County (27 mi) · Jackson County (32 mi) · Marshall County (34 mi) · Franklin County, TN (37 mi).