7,136 people (2024 Census estimate, −1.7% since 2020)
570 square miles of land · 13 people per square mile
“Highest” and “lowest” are just order, not grades: a high rank for poverty or hazard losses means more of it. Each figure's source is in its section below.
10 active community water systems list Jefferson County in the area they serve, reporting 6,525 people served in all (a system that crosses county lines counts its whole population).
| FAIRBURY, CITY OF groundwater (surface-influenced) · local government · NE3109507 | 3,707 served |
| LITTLE BLUE NRD RWD 1 buys groundwater · local government · NE3109504 | 1,580 served |
| PLYMOUTH, VILLAGE OF groundwater · local government · NE3109503 | 400 served |
| DILLER, VILLAGE OF groundwater · local government · NE3109505 | 269 served |
| DAYKIN, VILLAGE OF groundwater · local government · NE3109506 | 153 served |
| ENDICOTT, VILLAGE OF groundwater · local government · NE3109508 | 132 served |
| JANSEN, VILLAGE OF groundwater · local government · NE3109509 | 99 served |
| HARBINE, VILLAGE OF groundwater · local government · NE3109510 | 65 served |
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), active community systems, . Look up any system's violations and test results with EPA's search using its ID.
About 13 people were held in Jefferson County's jail, in Vera's latest figure (2020), or 311 per 100,000 residents ages 15–64. In 2015 it was about 10.
Source: Vera Institute of Justice, Incarceration Trends (built from federal Bureau of Justice Statistics jail surveys). Counties without their own jail, or that share one, may show no figure.
3 school districts have their office in Jefferson County. School taxes are usually the largest part of a property tax bill.
Spent $15.6 million — $14.8 million to run schools, about $16,232 per student, plus $383,000 on buildings and equipment. Money in: $12.5 million local (mostly property tax), $2.2 million state, $1.6 million federal. Long-term debt: $2.6 million.
Spent $8.3 million — $7.2 million to run schools, about $16,847 per student, plus $800,000 on buildings and equipment. Money in: $6.8 million local (mostly property tax), $1.5 million state, $235,000 federal.
Spent $4.7 million — $4.4 million to run schools, about $19,746 per student, plus $136,000 on buildings and equipment. Money in: $2.9 million local (mostly property tax), $1.3 million state, $250,000 federal.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 Annual Survey of School System Finances. Districts are listed by the county of their main office; some serve neighboring counties too.
Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps 2025 (University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute), which gathers federal data (CDC, Census, and others); measures cover different recent years. Blank lines aren't reported for small counties.
Overall risk: Very Low compared with other U.S. counties. FEMA estimates natural hazards cost Jefferson County about $8.4 million a year on average in buildings, crops and lives. Ability to bounce back (community resilience): Relatively Moderate; social vulnerability: Relatively Low.
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), expected annual loss. Ratings compare counties nationwide; they're estimates, not predictions.
239 bridges in Jefferson County: 128 in good condition, 62 fair, and 49 poor (20.5%). “Poor” means a main part — the deck, the beams, or the supports — is rated 4 or lower on the federal 0–9 scale. It doesn't mean unsafe to drive; unsafe bridges are closed.
| US136 over LITTLE BLUE RIVER · built 1972 | 2,225 vehicles a day |
| FAS 2880 over TRIBUTARY TO BIG INDIAN · built 1935 | 175 vehicles a day |
| COLL 7734 over STREAM · built 1935 | 165 vehicles a day |
| FAS 3005 over TRIBUTARY TO CUB CREEK · built 1976 | 140 vehicles a day |
| COUNTY HIGHWAY over BRAWNERS CREEK · built 1935 | 80 vehicles a day |
| COUNTY HIGHWAY over SMITH CREEK · built 1935 | 75 vehicles a day |
Source: Federal Highway Administration, National Bridge Inventory (2025 submission). Includes state, county and city bridges.
Federal grants paid for $3.5 million of work in Jefferson County in fiscal 2025, about $482 per resident — to the county, cities, schools, hospitals, nonprofits and others.
Source: USAspending.gov, grants by place of performance, fiscal 2025 (Oct. 2024 to Sept. 2025). Search it by county to see each award.
From Grants.gov: posted grants listing county governments as eligible, soonest deadline first; research-only and overseas programs left out; list updated 2026-10-13, refreshed weekly. 62 are open in all. Cities, towns, school districts and nonprofits have their own lists there.
Registration deadlines, early voting and polling places for Nebraska are on the federal site vote.gov, which links to the state's official election office.
The budget, property tax rates, audits, local officials and offices for Jefferson County come from the county's own records, which we haven't gathered — not gathered, never hidden. See what a full county site looks like, or ask to have Jefferson County built: brayden.ozark@gmail.com.
More of Nebraska: the state government and every county in Nebraska.
Nearby counties: Saline County (24 mi) · Thayer County (24 mi) · Gage County (25 mi) · Washington County, KS (28 mi) · Fillmore County (34 mi) · Republic County, KS (36 mi).