275,516 people (2024 Census estimate, +5.9% since 2020)
545 square miles of land · 505 people per square mile
“Highest” and “lowest” are just order, not grades: a high rank for poverty or hazard losses means more of it. Each figure's source is in its section below.
27 active community water systems list Cumberland County in the area they serve, reporting 231,376 people served in all (a system that crosses county lines counts its whole population).
| PA AMERICAN WATER CO WEST surface water · public/private · PA7210029 | 105,127 served |
| VEOLIA MECHANICSBURG surface water · private · PA7210028 | 45,013 served |
| CARLISLE WATER TRMT PLT surface water · local government · PA7210002 | 26,000 served |
| SHIPPENSBURG BORO WATER AUTH surface water · local government · PA7210043 | 17,800 served |
| SOUTH MIDDLETON TWP WATER AUTH buys surface water · local government · PA7210050 | 11,695 served |
| N MIDDLETON WATER AUTH surface water · local government · PA7210049 | 8,455 served |
| MIDDLESEX TWP MUNI AUTH groundwater · local government · PA7210063 | 3,527 served |
| MT HOLLY SPRINGS BORO AUTH groundwater · local government · PA7210037 | 3,261 served |
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), active community systems, . Look up any system's violations and test results with EPA's search using its ID.
About 344 people were held in Cumberland County's jail, in Vera's latest figure (2023), or 199 per 100,000 residents ages 15–64. In 2018 it was about 412.
Source: Vera Institute of Justice, Incarceration Trends (built from federal Bureau of Justice Statistics jail surveys). Counties without their own jail, or that share one, may show no figure.
7 school districts have their office in Cumberland County. School taxes are usually the largest part of a property tax bill.
Spent $183 million — $156.5 million to run schools, about $15,603 per student, plus $15.8 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $133.9 million local (mostly property tax), $39.9 million state, $6.2 million federal. Long-term debt: $147.3 million.
Spent $103.4 million — $91.8 million to run schools, about $18,140 per student, plus $8.1 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $68.6 million local (mostly property tax), $32 million state, $8.6 million federal. Long-term debt: $36.1 million.
Spent $109.4 million — $76.8 million to run schools, about $16,864 per student, plus $24.7 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $69.3 million local (mostly property tax), $22.6 million state, $3.8 million federal. Long-term debt: $137.5 million.
Spent $49.1 million — $43 million to run schools, about $17,271 per student, plus $439,000 on buildings and equipment. Money in: $33.3 million local (mostly property tax), $15 million state, $2.9 million federal. Long-term debt: $50.7 million.
Spent $61.1 million — $52.7 million to run schools, about $21,767 per student, plus $5.7 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $40.3 million local (mostly property tax), $21.3 million state, $3.4 million federal. Long-term debt: $34.1 million.
Spent $46.4 million — $39.6 million to run schools, about $18,190 per student, plus $5.1 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $32.1 million local (mostly property tax), $11.7 million state, $2.3 million federal. Long-term debt: $29.9 million.
Spent $27.1 million — $24.2 million to run schools, about $20,148 per student, plus $684,000 on buildings and equipment. Money in: $21.8 million local (mostly property tax), $5.8 million state, $1.4 million federal. Long-term debt: $33.4 million.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 Annual Survey of School System Finances. Districts are listed by the county of their main office; some serve neighboring counties too.
Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps 2025 (University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute), which gathers federal data (CDC, Census, and others); measures cover different recent years. Blank lines aren't reported for small counties.
Overall risk: Relatively Moderate compared with other U.S. counties. FEMA estimates natural hazards cost Cumberland County about $68.7 million a year on average in buildings, crops and lives. Ability to bounce back (community resilience): Very High; social vulnerability: Relatively Low.
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), expected annual loss. Ratings compare counties nationwide; they're estimates, not predictions.
365 bridges in Cumberland County: 143 in good condition, 201 fair, and 21 poor (5.8%). “Poor” means a main part — the deck, the beams, or the supports — is rated 4 or lower on the federal 0–9 scale. It doesn't mean unsafe to drive; unsafe bridges are closed.
| I-81 NB; SR 0081 over PA TURNPIKE · built 1963 | 31,734 vehicles a day |
| I-81 SB; SR 0081 over PA TURNPIKE · built 1963 | 30,422 vehicles a day |
| US 11; SR 0011 over LETORT SPRING CREEK · built 1908 | 22,247 vehicles a day |
| I-81 SB; SR 0081 over SR 3015; MT. ROCK RD. · built 1963 | 21,042 vehicles a day |
| I-81 NB; SR 0081 over SR 3015; MT. ROCK RD. · built 1963 | 20,917 vehicles a day |
| SR 2031 over HEMPT QUARRY ACCESS · built 1986 | 6,967 vehicles a day |
Source: Federal Highway Administration, National Bridge Inventory (2025 submission). Includes state, county and city bridges.
Federal grants paid for $27.7 million of work in Cumberland County in fiscal 2025, about $107 per resident — to the county, cities, schools, hospitals, nonprofits and others.
Source: USAspending.gov, grants by place of performance, fiscal 2025 (Oct. 2024 to Sept. 2025). Search it by county to see each award.
From Grants.gov: posted grants listing county governments as eligible, soonest deadline first; research-only and overseas programs left out; list updated 2026-10-13, refreshed weekly. 62 are open in all. Cities, towns, school districts and nonprofits have their own lists there.
Registration deadlines, early voting and polling places for Pennsylvania are on the federal site vote.gov, which links to the state's official election office.
The budget, property tax rates, audits, local officials and offices for Cumberland County come from the county's own records, which we haven't gathered — not gathered, never hidden. See what a full county site looks like, or ask to have Cumberland County built: brayden.ozark@gmail.com.
More of Pennsylvania: the state government and every county in Pennsylvania.
Nearby counties: Perry County (16 mi) · Adams County (21 mi) · Juniata County (26 mi) · Franklin County (29 mi) · Dauphin County (30 mi) · York County (33 mi).