42,159 people (2024 Census estimate, −1.2% since 2020)
316 square miles of land · 133 people per square mile
“Highest” and “lowest” are just order, not grades: a high rank for poverty or hazard losses means more of it. Each figure's source is in its section below.
6 active community water systems list Union County in the area they serve, reporting 5,702 people served in all (a system that crosses county lines counts its whole population).
| MIFFLINBURG BORO WATER DEPT surface water · local government · PA4600012 | 3,690 served |
| NEW BERLIN MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY groundwater · local government · PA4600010 | 990 served |
| PINE VALLEY MOBILE HOME COURT groundwater · private · PA4600003 | 425 served |
| WEST BUFFALO TWP MUN AUTH buys surface water · local government · PA4600015 | 333 served |
| LIMESTONE TWP MUN AUTH buys surface water · local government · PA4600007 | 200 served |
| ROLLING HILLS MANOR groundwater · public/private · PA4600005 | 64 served |
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), active community systems, . Look up any system's violations and test results with EPA's search using its ID.
About 46 people were held in Union County's jail, in Vera's latest figure (2023), or 166 per 100,000 residents ages 15–64. In 2018 it was about 32.
Source: Vera Institute of Justice, Incarceration Trends (built from federal Bureau of Justice Statistics jail surveys). Counties without their own jail, or that share one, may show no figure.
2 school districts have their office in Union County. School taxes are usually the largest part of a property tax bill.
Spent $43.5 million — $33 million to run schools, about $17,733 per student, plus $7.1 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $29.8 million local (mostly property tax), $11.4 million state, $1.1 million federal. Long-term debt: $38.2 million.
Spent $36.7 million — $32.6 million to run schools, about $19,463 per student, plus $468,000 on buildings and equipment. Money in: $21.1 million local (mostly property tax), $16.5 million state, $3.3 million federal. Long-term debt: $31.9 million.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 Annual Survey of School System Finances. Districts are listed by the county of their main office; some serve neighboring counties too.
Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps 2025 (University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute), which gathers federal data (CDC, Census, and others); measures cover different recent years. Blank lines aren't reported for small counties.
Overall risk: Relatively Low compared with other U.S. counties. FEMA estimates natural hazards cost Union County about $14.4 million a year on average in buildings, crops and lives. Ability to bounce back (community resilience): Relatively High; social vulnerability: Relatively High.
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), expected annual loss. Ratings compare counties nationwide; they're estimates, not predictions.
164 bridges in Union County: 86 in good condition, 71 fair, and 7 poor (4.3%). “Poor” means a main part — the deck, the beams, or the supports — is rated 4 or lower on the federal 0–9 scale. It doesn't mean unsafe to drive; unsafe bridges are closed.
| SR 3012 over OVER SWEITZERS RUN · built 1948 | 1,383 vehicles a day |
| SR 2001 over BUFFALO CREEK · built 1960 | 586 vehicles a day |
| T-376 CTY BR. 20 over BUFFALO CREEK · built 1900 | 150 vehicles a day |
| T-357 over N. BR. BUFFALO CREEK · built 1900 | 119 vehicles a day |
| T-428 (CTY BR 6) over SPRUCE RUN · built 1925 | 54 vehicles a day |
| T-421 (CTY. BR. 2) over WHITE DEER HOLE CREEK · built 1889 | 13 vehicles a day |
Source: Federal Highway Administration, National Bridge Inventory (2025 submission). Includes state, county and city bridges.
Federal grants paid for $3.5 million of work in Union County in fiscal 2025, about $82 per resident — to the county, cities, schools, hospitals, nonprofits and others.
Source: USAspending.gov, grants by place of performance, fiscal 2025 (Oct. 2024 to Sept. 2025). Search it by county to see each award.
From Grants.gov: posted grants listing county governments as eligible, soonest deadline first; research-only and overseas programs left out; list updated 2026-10-13, refreshed weekly. 62 are open in all. Cities, towns, school districts and nonprofits have their own lists there.
Registration deadlines, early voting and polling places for Pennsylvania are on the federal site vote.gov, which links to the state's official election office.
The budget, property tax rates, audits, local officials and offices for Union County come from the county's own records, which we haven't gathered — not gathered, never hidden. See what a full county site looks like, or ask to have Union County built: brayden.ozark@gmail.com.
More of Pennsylvania: the state government and every county in Pennsylvania.
Nearby counties: Snyder County (14 mi) · Northumberland County (20 mi) · Montour County (21 mi) · Lycoming County (26 mi) · Columbia County (34 mi) · Juniata County (35 mi).