14,252 people (2024 Census estimate, +2.8% since 2020)
321 square miles of land · 44 people per square mile
“Highest” and “lowest” are just order, not grades: a high rank for poverty or hazard losses means more of it. Each figure's source is in its section below.
10 active community water systems list Madison County in the area they serve, reporting 2,045 people served in all (a system that crosses county lines counts its whole population).
| MADISON, TOWN OF surface water · local government · VA6113200 | 784 served |
| WOODBERRY FOREST SCHOOL groundwater · private · VA6113300 | 739 served |
| HARTLAND INSTITUTE groundwater · private · VA6113165 | 150 served |
| MOUNTAIN VIEW NURSING HOME groundwater · private · VA6113265 | 90 served |
| ACHSAH ACRES groundwater · private · VA6113100 | 75 served |
| OAK PARK SUBDIVISION groundwater · private · VA6113170 | 60 served |
| ROLLING BROOK MOBILE HOME PARK groundwater · private · VA6113195 | 54 served |
| HAPPY HILLS SUBDIVISION groundwater · private · VA6113160 | 35 served |
Source: U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), active community systems, . Look up any system's violations and test results with EPA's search using its ID.
About 44 people were held in Madison County's jail, in Vera's latest figure (2024), or 520 per 100,000 residents ages 15–64. In 2019 it was about 38.
Source: Vera Institute of Justice, Incarceration Trends (built from federal Bureau of Justice Statistics jail surveys). Counties without their own jail, or that share one, may show no figure.
1 school district has its office in Madison County. School taxes are usually the largest part of a property tax bill.
Spent $27 million — $25.8 million to run schools, about $15,330 per student, plus $1.2 million on buildings and equipment. Money in: $9.4 million local (mostly property tax), $12.6 million state, $4.9 million federal.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2023 Annual Survey of School System Finances. Districts are listed by the county of their main office; some serve neighboring counties too.
Source: County Health Rankings & Roadmaps 2025 (University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute), which gathers federal data (CDC, Census, and others); measures cover different recent years. Blank lines aren't reported for small counties.
Overall risk: Very Low compared with other U.S. counties. FEMA estimates natural hazards cost Madison County about $4.6 million a year on average in buildings, crops and lives. Ability to bounce back (community resilience): Relatively Moderate; social vulnerability: Relatively Low.
Source: FEMA National Risk Index (December 2025), expected annual loss. Ratings compare counties nationwide; they're estimates, not predictions.
80 bridges in Madison County: 23 in good condition, 49 fair, and 8 poor (10.0%). “Poor” means a main part — the deck, the beams, or the supports — is rated 4 or lower on the federal 0–9 scale. It doesn't mean unsafe to drive; unsafe bridges are closed.
| Fishback Road over Little Dark Run · built 1987 | 1,727 vehicles a day |
| Garth Run Road over Garth Run · built 1940 | 118 vehicles a day |
| Duet Road over Leathers Run · built 1990 | 92 vehicles a day |
| Quaker Run Road over Quaker Run · built 1953 | 88 vehicles a day |
| Tinsley Road over Great Run · built 1972 | 75 vehicles a day |
| Pine Hill Road over Hughes River · built 1976 | 27 vehicles a day |
Source: Federal Highway Administration, National Bridge Inventory (2025 submission). Includes state, county and city bridges.
Federal grants paid for $5.1 million of work in Madison County in fiscal 2025, about $368 per resident — to the county, cities, schools, hospitals, nonprofits and others.
Source: USAspending.gov, grants by place of performance, fiscal 2025 (Oct. 2024 to Sept. 2025). Search it by county to see each award.
From Grants.gov: posted grants listing county governments as eligible, soonest deadline first; research-only and overseas programs left out; list updated 2026-10-13, refreshed weekly. 62 are open in all. Cities, towns, school districts and nonprofits have their own lists there.
General election: Tuesday, November 3, 2026. Early voting: 2026-09-18 to 2026-10-31. Last day to register to vote: 2026-10-23. Mail ballot request deadline: 2026-10-23. Election Day: 2026-11-03.
Source: Virginia Department of Elections: upcoming elections · Virginia Department of Elections: voter FAQ · Virginia Department of Elections: absentee voting
The budget, property tax rates, audits, local officials and offices for Madison County come from the county's own records, which we haven't gathered — not gathered, never hidden. See what a full county site looks like, or ask to have Madison County built: brayden.ozark@gmail.com.
More of Virginia: the state government and every county in Virginia.
Nearby counties: Greene County (13 mi) · Culpeper County (18 mi) · Orange County (18 mi) · Page County (19 mi) · Rappahannock County (20 mi) · Charlottesville city (28 mi).